Intelligent Learning and Management Transformation

Designing a Next-Generation Teleworking Model for the Workforce in Universities of Medical Sciences

Yasereh Raofi Sangachin , Mehrdad Goudarzvand ^* , Hossein Ganjinia

This study aimed to design and validate a teleworking model tailored to the characteristics of the new generation workforce in universities of medical sciences. This research employed a mixed-methods exploratory design. In the qualitative phase, data were collected through literature review and semi-structured interviews with 12 experts (managers, deputies, supervisors, and faculty members) using homogeneous sampling, and analyzed via grounded theory and coding procedures. In the quantitative phase, a questionnaire was developed based on extracted components and distributed among 384 participants using Cochran’s formula. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with PLS3 software. The results indicated that the teleworking model consists of causal, contextual, intervening, strategic, and outcome factors, all exhibiting significant relationships. Reliability and validity indices (Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability, and convergent validity) were confirmed at acceptable levels. R² and Q² values demonstrated strong predictive power, while the overall model fit assessed by GOF indicated a satisfactory fit, and all hypothesized paths were supported. Teleworking represents a multidimensional transformation requiring simultaneous attention to technological, psychological, and legal dimensions, and its success depends on fostering a trust-based organizational culture, developing modern leadership competencies, and implementing integrated strategies to enhance productivity and employee well-being.

Identification of the Main Components of Development for Islamic Azad Universities

Sahar Karimi iD , Yousef Mohebzadegan ^* iD , Abdorrahim NavehEbrāhim iD , Javad Sadeqi Jafari iD

The present study aimed to identify and prioritize the key components influencing the development of Islamic Azad Universities. This applied study employed a mixed-method (qualitative–quantitative) exploratory design, using grounded theory in the qualitative phase and a descriptive-survey approach in the quantitative phase; the qualitative sample included 13 experts selected purposively from a population of 20 specialists in higher education, while the quantitative sample consisted of 303 faculty members selected through stratified random sampling from a population of 1,422; data were collected using semi-structured interviews and a researcher-developed 94-item questionnaire, and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicated that “educational and research quality” (β=0.939), “innovation and entrepreneurship” (β=0.930), and “financial independence and resource management” (β=0.894) were the most significant determinants of university development; furthermore, the combined effect of these components on development was statistically significant and moderately strong (β=0.569), explaining 32.4% of the variance. The development of Islamic Azad Universities requires an integrated approach that simultaneously enhances educational and research quality, strengthens innovation and entrepreneurship, and ensures sustainable financial independence.

Designing a Model for Implementing Social Responsibility Policies Based on Ethical Governance in Higher Education

Mehdi Farzam Nahad iD , Hajieh Rajabi Farjad ^* iD , Javad Mehrabi iD

The study aimed to develop and explain a model for implementing university social responsibility policies grounded in an ethical governance approach in order to bridge the gap between policy formulation and effective implementation. This qualitative study employed a systematic grounded theory methodology. Data were collected through 18 in-depth semi-structured interviews with higher education experts, policymakers, and university managers. Participants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data analysis was conducted simultaneously with data collection using the constant comparative method, including open, axial, and selective coding stages, which led to the construction of a paradigmatic model. Findings indicate that social responsibility policy implementation in higher education is a context-dependent and multi-level phenomenon. Causal conditions included ethically responsible human resources, ethical leadership, socially oriented HR policies, socially responsive teaching and evaluation systems, and ethical economic infrastructures. Contextual conditions involved higher education governance structures, organizational culture, upstream regulations, and societal expectations. Intervening conditions comprised politicization, organizational resistance, conceptual ambiguity, weak incentive systems, and resource constraints. Strategic actions included institutionalizing ethical governance, redesigning policies and structures, empowering human resources, strengthening stakeholder participation, enhancing transparency and accountability, and developing collaborative networks. These strategies resulted in outcomes such as improved ethical and human capital, enhanced university governance, higher educational and research quality, strengthened university–society engagement, sustainable development, and increased institutional legitimacy. The results demonstrate that university social responsibility can be institutionalized only through ethical governance and the alignment of human, institutional, and value-based dimensions, while the proposed model provides a strategic analytical framework for policymakers, university leaders, and higher education researchers.

The Role of Digital Transformation in Enhancing the Sustainability and Resilience of Mines Against Environmental and Economic Crises

Maryam Farahmand ^* iD , Ali Yaghtin iD , Majid Vafaei Fard iD

This study aims to examine the role of digital transformation in improving sustainability and strengthening the resilience of mining organizations in the face of environmental and economic crises. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 mining experts in Tehran to identify key dimensions of digital transformation, sustainability, and resilience. In the quantitative phase, data were collected from 280 mining managers and specialists using a researcher-developed questionnaire and analyzed through structural equation modeling. The results revealed that digital transformation has a significant positive effect on environmental risk management capability and economic agility. Environmental risk management emerged as the strongest predictor of sustainability, while economic agility played the most prominent role in enhancing organizational resilience. The indirect effects of digital transformation on resilience, mediated by sustainability and economic agility, were stronger than its direct effect. Digital transformation acts as a strategic driver of sustainable resilience in the mining sector by reinforcing environmental and economic capacities, making it an indispensable foundation for effective crisis management and long-term organizational stability.

Designing a Systematic Budgeting Behavior Model for Performance Control and Improvement in Listed Industrial Organizations (Case Study: Pharmaceutical Industry)

Majid Mojtabaei iD , Davoud Gharakhani ^* iD , Alireza Irajpour iD

This study aims to identify and explain the behavioral dimensions and underlying factors influencing systematic budgeting processes to enhance control and organizational performance in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research adopts a qualitative approach using thematic analysis. Data were collected through a systematic review of relevant literature and semi-structured interviews with academic experts, budgeting specialists, and professionals from the pharmaceutical industry. Sampling was conducted purposively and theoretically until theoretical saturation was achieved. The collected data were analyzed based on the six-phase framework proposed by Braun and Clarke. Coding, categorization, and theme development were carried out using MAXQDA software, leading to the extraction of meaningful units, sub-themes, and main themes. The thematic analysis resulted in the identification of 407 meaningful units, 93 sub-themes, and 17 main themes. The findings indicate that budgeting behavior is shaped by the dynamic interaction of structural, behavioral, cultural, managerial, environmental, and institutional factors. Key themes include strengthening the budgeting process, budgetary performance monitoring, organizational behavior, transparency and accountability, innovation, risk management, and organizational learning. The relationships among these themes are complex, non-linear, and systemic in nature. Systematic budgeting behavior in listed industrial organizations is a multi-level and dynamic phenomenon that extends beyond technical financial mechanisms. It is deeply influenced by human behavior, organizational culture, and environmental constraints. The results provide a robust conceptual foundation for developing causal and system dynamics models aimed at improving budgeting effectiveness and sustainable organizational performance.

Modeling the Relationship between Fabric Design Education Quality and Workforce Productivity in the Apparel Industry

Azar Esmaeili ^* iD

This study aims to model and explain the relationship between fabric design education quality and workforce productivity in the apparel industry of Tehran. This applied quantitative study employed a descriptive-analytical design. The population consisted of employees working in design, production, and technical units of apparel manufacturing firms in Tehran. A stratified random sample of 384 participants was selected. Data were collected using a fabric design education quality questionnaire and a workforce productivity questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation, and structural equation modeling were conducted using SPSS 26 and AMOS 24. Structural equation modeling results revealed that fabric design education quality had a strong, positive, and significant effect on workforce productivity (β=0.69, p<0.001), explaining 48% of the variance in productivity. Model fit indices confirmed excellent model adequacy (χ²/df=2.41, CFI=0.94, TLI=0.93, GFI=0.92, RMSEA=0.046). The findings indicate that improving fabric design education quality is one of the most effective strategies for enhancing workforce productivity and strengthening the long-term competitiveness of the apparel industry.

The Role of Digital Literacy in the Professional Development of Teachers and Educational Managers

Hamidreza Ghasemi ^*

This study aimed to examine the role of digital literacy in the professional development of teachers and educational managers. This research was a qualitative systematic review based on content analysis and thematic coding. Data were extracted from 12 relevant scientific articles and analyzed using NVivo version 14 with open, axial, and selective coding until theoretical saturation was achieved. The results indicated that digital literacy plays a significant role in enhancing teachers’ professional skills, increasing technological competence, digital self-efficacy, lifelong learning, and educational innovation. Educational managers with digital literacy were able to lead organizational transformation, improve data-driven decision-making, develop digital communication, and strengthen managerial resilience. At the organizational level, digital literacy contributed to improving educational quality, increasing educational equity, fostering sustainable professional growth, creating a learning organizational culture, enhancing productivity, and supporting institutional innovation. The findings also revealed that digital literacy increases job satisfaction and organizational commitment among teachers and managers. Digital literacy is a key factor in the professional development of teachers and educational managers and can enhance teaching quality, organizational performance, and educational equity. Therefore, incorporating digital skills development into educational and professional programs is essential and strategic.

Foresight Trends in Smart Learning and Their Impact on Global Management Transformation

Maryam Aghajani , Alireza Ne’mati ^*

This study aims to examine foresight trends in smart learning and analyze their impact on the transformation of global management. This research is a qualitative systematic review. Data were collected from 12 selected scholarly articles and analyzed using qualitative content analysis with NVivo 14 software. The analysis continued until theoretical saturation was achieved, and key concepts were extracted as open codes, which were then categorized into main themes and subthemes. Results indicated that artificial intelligence, adaptive learning, big data, and augmented reality enable personalized and experiential learning, enhancing the flexibility and efficiency of both learning and management processes. Smart learning also drives structural and leadership changes in organizations toward data-driven and agile management. Challenges identified include digital inequality, cultural resistance, and ethical and data security concerns. Nevertheless, opportunities were observed in managerial innovation, empowerment of future learners, and the development of global data-driven policies. The study demonstrates that smart learning and foresight not only transform teaching and learning processes but also significantly impact leadership and global management. Integrating smart technologies with forward-looking policies and ethical frameworks can facilitate the realization of learning organizations and global sustainability.

Intelligent Learning and Management Transformation

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Designing a Conceptual Model for Global Branding of Iranian High-Tech Products: A Mixed-Methods Approach

Meritocracy Model in Appointing Senior Government Managers with Emphasis on Knowledge Management

Explaining a New Model of Human Resource Empowerment Based on Technical Skills Development (Case Study: Automotive Industry)

Validation of the Ambidextrous Behavior Model of Managers in Cultural Organizations

Modeling the Link Between the Thematic Structure of User-Generated Content and the Quality of Reverse Logistics Decisions Using Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis

Explaining a New Model of Human Resource Empowerment Based on the Development of Technical Skills (Case Study: Automotive Industry)

Identifying Factors Affecting the Empowerment of Gas Company Managers: A Qualitative Study Using a Thematic Analysis Approach

Perceived Challenges and Strategies Related to the Teacher Ranking System among Elementary School Teachers: A Qualitative Study

Improving the Quality of the Learning Process Through Optimizing the Interior Design of Educational Spaces with an Environmental Psychology Approach

Designing a Merit-Based Selection Model for Physical Education Managers in the Ministry of Education of the Islamic Republic of Iran: A Thematic Analysis Approach

Examining the Relationship Between Audience-Centered Media Literacy and the Participation and Interaction of Radio Iran Audiences

Designing a Social Media Capital Model in the Northern Provinces of Iran

Design and Validation of a Virtual Curriculum Evaluation Model for Elementary Mathematics and Science

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