شناسایی مؤلفههای برنامه درسی تلفیقی با رویکرد ارتقای سازگاری تحصیلی ویژه دانشآموزان دارای اختلالات یادگیری
کلمات کلیدی:
مؤلفههای برنامه درسی تلفیقی, رویکرد ارتقای سازگاری تحصیلی ویژه دانشآموزان, اختلالات یادگیریچکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی مؤلفههای برنامه درسی تلفیقی با رویکرد ارتقای سازگاری تحصیلی ویژه دانشآموزان دارای اختلالات یادگیری و ارائه چارچوبی نظاممند برای طراحی برنامههای آموزشی متناسب با نیازهای این دانشآموزان بود. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش، کیفی با رویکرد تحلیل مضمون انجام شد. مشارکتکنندگان شامل 17 نفر از متخصصان برنامهریزی درسی، علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی تربیتی فعال در حوزه اختلالات یادگیری در استان آذربایجان غربی در سال تحصیلی 1404-1405 بودند که به روش نمونهگیری هدفمند تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری انتخاب شدند. دادهها از طریق مصاحبههای عمیق و نیمهساختاریافته گردآوری و با استفاده از کدگذاری باز و محوری و مراحل ششگانه تحلیل مضمون براون و کلارک تحلیل شدند. برای افزایش اعتبار یافتهها از بازبینی مشارکتکنندگان و معیار انتقالپذیری استفاده شد. تحلیل مضمون منجر به شناسایی یک الگوی دهبعدی برای برنامه درسی تلفیقی ارتقای سازگاری تحصیلی شد که شامل منطق، اهداف، محتوا، فعالیتهای یادگیری، نقش معلم، مواد و منابع آموزشی، زمانبندی، محیط یادگیری، ارزشیابی و گروهبندی بود. یافتهها نشان داد که طراحی برنامه درسی تلفیقی برای دانشآموزان دارای اختلالات یادگیری نیازمند رویکردی فردمحور، انعطافپذیر، چندحسی، مشارکتی و مبتنی بر بازخورد مستمر است. برنامه درسی تلفیقی مبتنی بر مؤلفههای شناساییشده میتواند چارچوبی جامع برای ارتقای سازگاری تحصیلی دانشآموزان دارای اختلالات یادگیری فراهم کند. این الگو با عبور از رویکردهای سنتی و تکبعدی، زمینه توسعه توانمندیهای شناختی، مهارتی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی این دانشآموزان را در محیطهای آموزشی فراهم میسازد.
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